Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in

第1题

（英语类学生必做）Sleep is important to us because it helps restore organs and tissues in ou

（英语类学生必做）

Sleep is important to us because it helps restore organs and tissues in our body. But how much sleep do we actually need？

For most of us, eight hours seems to be about the right amount. Yet we know that there are many people who get 【61】 perfectly with less sleep, and some who may need 【62】 A great deal depends on the 【63】 we live. But a good general rule 【64】 is to sleep as long as we have to in order to feel happy and be able to work 【65】 our best when we awaken.

There are actually different 【66】 of sleep. There is a deep sleep and a shallow sleep. In a shallow sleep our body does not get the same kind of rest it gets in a 【67】 sleep, 【68】 after eight hours of a shallow sleep we may still feel tired. But a short, deep sleep can be very 【69】 Alexander—the Great Emperor was able to get a deep sleep 【70】 he needed it. Once, during the night before an important battle, he remained 【71】 longer than anyone else. 【72】 he wrapped himself in a cloak and 【73】 down on the earth. He slept so 【74】 that his generals had to wake him three times for him to give the 【75】 to attack!

Normally when we go to sleep, our " sleep center" blocks off nerves so that 【76】 our brain and body go to sleep. 【77】 prevents us from wanting to do anything, and the other 【78】 our internal organs and limbs go to sleep. 【79】 sometimes only one goes to sleep and the other does not. A very tired soldier can sometimes 【80】 asleep (brain sleep) and keep on marching, because his body is not asleep.

(86)

A．across

B．away

C．along

D．over

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第2题

When we talk about intelligence we do not mean the ability to get good scores on certain

kinds of tests or even the ability to do well in school. By intelligence we mean a way of living and behaving,especially in a new situation. If we want to test intelligence,we need to find out how a person acts instead of how much he knows to do.For example,when in a new situation,an intelligent person thinks about the situation,not about himself or what might happen to him. He tries to find out all he can do,and then he acts immediately and tries to do something about it. He probably isn’t sure how it all works out,but at least he tries. And if he cannot make things work out right,he doesn’t feel ashamed that he failed,he just tries to learn from his mistakes. An intelligent person,even if he is very young,has a special outlook in life,a special feeling about life,and a special way of how he fits into it.If you look at children,you’ll see a great difference between what we call "bright" children and "not bright" children. They are actually two different kinds of people,not just the same kind with different amounts of intelligence. For example,the bright child really wants to find out about life—he tries to get in touch with everything around him. But the unintelligent child keeps more to himself and his own dream world; he seems to have a wall between him and life in general.

1.According to this passage,intelligence is the ability to （）.

A、work by oneself do well in any

B、situation

C、know what is right and wrong

D、adapt oneself to a new situation

2.Why does an unintelligent child seem to have a wall between him and life in general？（）

A、Because he can hardly see the outside world.

B、Because life is far away from him.

C、Because he knows nothing about life in general.

D、Because he has little interest in things around himself.

3.In a new situation,an intelligent person （）.

A、knows more about what might happen to him

B、is well-prepared for his action

C、pays greater attention to the situation

D、completely ignores himself

4.If an intelligent person failed,he would （）.

A、feel ashamed about the failure

B、learn from his experiences

C、find out what he can’t do

D、make sure what’s wrong with his outlook in life

5.An intelligent child （）.

A、learns more about himself

B、shows interest in things around him

C、studies everything that may be interesting

D、looks down upon unintelligent children

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第3题

Colors are sometimes called hot，cold，or neutral(中性). Red and yellow are said to be hot

colors because they make a room feel warmer and the walls nearer to us than they really are. We say that blue and green are cold because they give us the opposite feeling. A neutral color is one that does not seem to affect our feelings. Brown and grey are both neutral，and they may also be mixed with hot or cold colors to reduce their effect on our feelings.

We can begin to see the importance of color selection. Although red might be perfect for a restaurant，it would be wrong for an art exhibition room，where we want to look at the paintings，not at the walls behind. Because of its effect on size，white could be used to make a small room seem larger，or dark blue to make a large one seem smaller.

Another way that we sometimes speak of colors is to say that they are loud or quiet. Again we are talking about the feeling that colors give us. We use sound to express how much colors catch our attention.

16. If a man wants to make a room warmer，which color will he choose for the walls？

A. Green.

B. Yellow.

C. Black.

D. Brown

17. Which color can be used with blue to reduce its effect on our feelings？

A. Yellow

B. Red

C. Grey.

D. Green.

18. According to the second paragraph，red is most suitable for _____________.

A. restaurants

B. paintings

C. an exhibition room

D. the walls in a

living room

19. People would paint a small room into white because ____________.

A. white makes a room brighter

B. white makes a room prettier

C. a room seems larger in white

D. a room seems smaller it white

20. “Loud” and “quiet” colors give people ____________.

A. the cooler feelings

B. the opposite feelings

C. the warmer feelings

D. the similar feelings

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第4题

Do other animals besides humans cry？ The answer to the question is ‘Yes, and no’. All

animals with mobile eyes have the ability to cry, just as we humans do. They have a tearing system that keeps their eyes wet so as to protect them from dry sand, dusts, and other elements. People often tell tales of animals such as elephants and dogs weeping when punished. However, even if such an animal does shed tears, there is no scientific evidence that the animal is expressing the tear-related emotions similar to those when humans cry. But what about when a baby chimp or ape whimpers and screams when it’s being separated from its mother, can we say with some certainty that the animal is crying？ Taking away the babies does encourage care-giving such as feeding and protecting from the mother apes, but it is uncertain whether the baby apes feel the same way as baby humans do when they cry. In fact, it’s not clear that crying and other emotional displays mean exactly the same thing to all humans. For instance, there is a wide range of emotions that prompt people to cry, and some kinds of weeping, such as crying at a stranger’s wedding, seem to be cultural responses. In addition, some people are autistic. That means they prefer being alone than being with other people, especially in large crowds. These people are said to have less ability in expressing their emotions, but research also has shown that it’s more that their expressions and their reactions to the emotional expressions of others are unusual. Different. But does that mean that their sadness is different somehow？ So even if apes can be said with some certainty to be feeling emotions, then there is the problem of figuring out to what extent what they feel resembles what humans feel.

10.What does the author mean by “Yes, and no” in line 1, paragraph 1？

A. Other animals besides humans cry

B. No other animals besides humans cry

C. Animals cry but do not cry like humans

D. Animals cry but humans do not cry

11.Which of the following statement is true？

A. All animals have mobile eyes

B. All animals have a tearing system

C. Tearing system keeps animals’ eyes wet

D. Animals cry when being punished

12.Baby chimps or apes cry because__________.

A. they are being separated from their mothers

B. the reason is not clear

C. they feel the same way as baby humans do

D. they need to be fed and protected

13.Why human beings cry？

A. There a wide range of reasons.

B. People cry because they attend a stranger’s wedding.

C. Crying means exactly the same thing to all humans.

D. Because of cultural responses.

14.It can be inferred from the passage that __________.

A. it is uncertain to say to what extent apes feel the same emotions as humans

B. it is sure that apes can feel emotions

C. some people prefer being alone because they’re not good at communication

D. people’s emotions are different

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第5题

Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people's attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations(even temporary ones), people would have more anger and less cooperation; In more permanent noisy situations, many people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. Some researchers, who study various aspects of effect of noise in people's mental life, maintain that noise, either temporary noise or permanent noise, often destroy creativity and activity by disturbing people's emotion and make them more easily annoyed and hard to cooperate.

However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured physically in decibels(分贝). "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation. Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise(that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically.

Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.

According to the passage, people （） .

A.can not complete his work in a noisy situation

B.will suffer from complete deafness because of noise pollution

C.can be psychologically affected by working in very noisy factories

D.may cooperate well in a noisy surrounding

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第6题

Culture shock is an occupational disease （职业病) for people who have been suddenly transp

Culture shock is an occupational disease (职业病) for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.

Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: How to shake hands and what to say when meeting people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for the peace of our mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness.

Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be, a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration. When suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which causes discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad Because they make us feel bad. When foreigners on a strange land get together to complain about the host country and its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock.

According to the passage, culture shock is______.

A．an occupational disease of foreign people

B．may lead to very serious symptoms

C．actually not a disease

D．incurable

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第7题

________there is enough snow，we can’t go skiing.

A.Because

B.As

C.Unless

D.However

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第8题

It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it. Then life is no lo

nger difficult. Most people do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent (代表) a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.

What makes life difficult is the process of facing and solving problems and it is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause us sadness or, loneliness or regret or anger of fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning. Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit, we encourage the human ability to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, "Those things that hurt, instruct." It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

1.The main idea of paragraph three is that ().

A、most people feel life is easy

B、the writer feels life is easy

C、the writer likes to complain about his problems

D、Problem solving is part of life

2.The saying from Benjamin Franklin "Those things that hurt, instruct" suggest that ().

A、we do not learn from experience

B、we do not learn when we are pain

C、pain teaches us important lessons

D、pain cannot be avoid

3.According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to ().

A、encourage them to learn

B、teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem

C、help them learn to deal with pain

D、teach them how to respect from problems

4.From the passage, it can be inferred that ().

A、everybody has problems

B、we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life

C、life is difficult because our problems bring us pain

D、people like to complain about their problems

5.The writer probably used one short sentence in the first paragraph to ().

A、save space

B、persuade readers

C、make readers laugh

D、get readers'' attention

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第9题

Animals other than humans have not developed communications comparable to human langua

ge. But is it possible that other animals have the capacity to learn a language if they are adequately taught？ Obviously, this is a fascination notion. The idea of communicating directly with another species has long been a part of human folklore and children’s fantasies. But on a scientific level, the question of whether animals can learn a language is important primarily because it relates to the controversy()between the cognitive and the learning approaches to language. If language is dependent on and is actually an outgrowth of the intellectual structure of the human mind, there is the strong supposition that only humans are capable of using language. Therefore, Noam Chomsky and other psycholinguists have argued that only humans can learn a language, while most behaviorists feel that with sufficient patience it should be possible to teach an animal some sort of language. Although the two schools of thought clearly differ on this point, it is not really a crucial test of the two theories. If a chimpanzee can master a simple language all it would mean is that the chimp’s intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to ours than we thought. It would not necessarily imply that our intellectual structure is unimportant in our own mastery of language. Thus, teaching an animal language is an impressive demonstration of the power of learning techniques, but it is not evidence that language is developed entirely through learning.On the other hand, the question of whether other animals can learn a language is fascination in its own right, aside from its value as a test of the two theories of language development. Accordingly, whatever one’s position on the theoretical dispute, we must consider training an animal to use language a dramatic accomplishment.

36.Which of the following statements is the view of psycholinguists？

A. The cognitive view of language learning says that only human beings can learn language because it is an outgrowth of the structure of the human mind.

B. Other animals simply could master a language.

C. The animals intellectual capacity is much better than human beings.

D. Language is developed by learning.

37.The behaviorists’ view is that __________.

A. language is actually an outgrowth of intellectual structure of the animal’s mind

B. animals have not developed communications system

C. given enough patience, a man should be able to teach an animal some sort of language

D. only human beings can learn language

38.That an animal can master a simple language means that __________.

A. human’s intellectual structure is not important

B. animals’ intellectual capacity and brain structure are more similar to the humans’

C. the learning techniques are much more important

D. language is developed completely by learning

39.The main idea of paragraph two is ___________.

A. teaching a chimp language is not crucial test of the two theories

B. their brain structure is not similar to human

C. using various methods to let the chimp master a language

D. training a nonhuman to use language is an amazing accomplishment

40.The best title for this passage would be _________.

A. Animals’ language

B. Human’s language

C. Teaching Animals’ Language

D. Can Other Animals Acquire Language？

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第10题

根据下列短文，回答下列各题。 You hear the refrain all the time: the U.S. economy looks good

statistically, but it doesnt feel good. Why doesnt ever-greater wealth promote ever-greater happiness？ It is a question that dates back at least to the appearance in 1958 of The Affluent (富裕的) Society by John Kenneth Galbmith, who died recently at 97. The Affluent Society is a modem classic because it helped define a new moment in the human condition. For most of history,"hunger, sickness, and cold" threatened nearly everyone. Galbmith wrote "Poverty was found everywhere in that world. Obviously it is not of ours." After World War II, the dread of another Great Depression gave way to an economic boom. In the 1930s unemployment had averaged 18.2 percent; in the 1950s it was 4.5 percent. To Galbralth, materialism had gone mad and would breed discontent. Through advertising companies conditioned consumers to buy things they didnt really want or need. Because so much spending was artificial, it would be unfulfilling. Meanwhile, government spending that would make everyone better off was being cut down because people instinctively--and wrongly--labeled government only as "a necessary evil". Its often said that only the rich are getting ahead; everyone else standing still or falling behind. Well, there are many undeserving rich--overpaid chief executive, for instance. But over any meaningful period, most peoples incomes are increasing. From 1995 to 2004, inflation-adjusted average family income rose 14.3 percent, to $43,200. People feel "squeezed" because their rising incomes often dont satisfy, their rising wants--for bigget homes, more health care, more education, faster Interact connections. The other great frustration is that it has not eliminated insecurity. People regard job stability as part of their standard of living. As corporate layoffs increased, that part has eroded. More workers fear theyre becoming "the disposable American," as Louis Uchitelle puts it in his book by the same name. Because so much previous suffering and social conflict stemmed from poverty, the arrival of widespread affluence suggested utopian (乌托邦式的) possibilities. Up to a point, affluence succeeds. There is much less physical misery than before. People are better off. Unfortunately, affluence also creates new complaints and contradictions. Advanced societies need economic growth to satisfy the multiplying wants of their citizens. But the quest for growth lets loose new anxieties and economic conflicts that disturb the social order. Affluence liberates the individual, promising that everyone can choose a unique way to self-fulfillment. But the promise is so extravagant that it predestines many disappointments and sometimes inspires choices that have anti-social consequences, including family breakdown and obesity (肥胖症). Statistical indicators of happiness have not risen with incomes. Should we be surprised？ Not really. Weve simply reaffirmed an old truth: the pursuit of affluence does not always end with happiness. What question does John Kenneth Galbraith raise in his book The Affluent Society？

A.Why statistics dont tell the truth about the economy.

B.Why affluence doesnt guarantee happiness.

C.How happiness can be promoted today.

D.What lies behind an economic boom.

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