Psychologists now believe that noise has a considerable effect on people's attitudes and behavior. Experiments have proved that in noisy situations(even temporary ones), people would have more anger and less cooperation; In more permanent noisy situations, many people cannot work hard, and they suffer from severe anxiety as well as other psychological problems. Some researchers, who study various aspects of effect of noise in people's mental life, maintain that noise, either temporary noise or permanent noise, often destroy creativity and activity by disturbing people's emotion and make them more easily annoyed and hard to cooperate. However, psychologists distinguish between "sound" and "noise". "Sound" is measured physically in decibels(分贝). "Noise" cannot be measured in the same way because it refers to the psychological effect of sound and its level of "intensity" depends on the situation. Thus, for passengers at an airport who expect to hear airplanes taking off and landing, there may be a lot of sound, but not much noise(that is, they are not bothered by the noise). By contrast, if you are at a concert and two people behind you are whispering, you feel they are talking noisily even if there is not much sound. You notice the noise because it affects you psychologically. Both sound and noise can have negative effects, but what is most important is if the person has control over the sound. People walking down the street with earphones, listening to music that they enjoy, are receiving a lot of decibels of sound, but they are probably happy hearing sounds which they control. On the other hand, people in the street without earphones must tolerate a lot of noise which they have no control over. It is noise pollution that we need to control in order to help people live more happily.According to the passage, people （） .

第1题

A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper（给...换尿布) their firstborn son

A few years ago a young mother watched her husband diaper(给...换尿布) their firstborn son. "You don't have to be so unhappy about it," she protested. "You can talk to him and smile a little." The father, who happened to be a psychologist, answered firmly, "He has nothing to say to me, and I have nothing to say to him."

Psychologists now know how wrong that father was. From the moment of birth, a baby has a great deal to say to his parents and they to him. But a decade or so ago, these experts were describing the newborn as a primitive creature who reacted only by reflex, a helpless victim of its environment without capacity to influence it. And mothers accepted the truth. Most thought(and some still do) that a new infant could see only blurry shadows, that his other senses were undeveloped, and that all he required was nourishment, clean diapers, and a warm bassinet.

Today university laboratories across the country are studying newborns in their first month of life. As a result, psychologists now describe the new baby as perceptive, with remarkable learning abilities and an even more remarkable capacity to shape his or her environment—including the attitudes and actions of his parents. Some researchers believe that the neonatal period may even be the most significant four weeks in an entire lifetime.

Far from being helpless, the newborn knows what he likes and rejects what he doesn't. He shuts out unpleasant sensations by closing his eyes or averting his face. He is a glutton for novelty. He prefers animate things over inanimate and likes people more than anything.

When a mere nine minutes old, an infant prefers a human face to a head-shaped outline. He makes the choice despite the fact that, with delivery-room attendants masked and gowned, he has never seen a human face before. By the time he's twelve hours old, his entire body moves in precise synchrony to the sound of a human voice, as if he were dancing. A non-human sound, such as a tapping noise, brings no such response.

The author points out that the father diapering his firstborn son was wrong because ______.

A．he thought the baby didn't have the power of speech

B．he believed the baby was not able to hear him

C．he was a psychologist unworthy of his profession

D．he thought the baby was not capable of any response

点击查看答案

第2题

Patients can差（) the attending doctor in the network hospital to make an appointment

A.instruction

B.decision

C.psychologists

D.standardize

点击查看答案

第3题

What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends？A．Friends should open

What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends？

A．Friends should open their hearts to each other.

B．Friends should always be faithful to each other.

C．There should be a distance even between friends.

D．There should be fewer disputes between friends.

点击查看答案

第4题

Some psychologists maintain that thinking is （)。

A.not a mental process

B.more of a physical process than a mental action

C.a process that involves our entire bodies

D.a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain

点击查看答案

第5题

Ask three people to look out the same window at a busy street corner and tell you what

they see. Chances are that you will receive three different answers. Each person sees the same scene, but each perceives something different about it.

Perceiving goes on in our minds. Of the three people who look out the window, one may say that he sees a policeman giving a motorist a ticket. Another may say that he sees a rush-hour traffic jam at the intersection. The third may say that he sees a woman trying to cross the street with four children in tow. For perception is the mind’s interpretation of what the senses — in this case our eyes — tell us.

Many psychologists today are working to try to determine just how a person experiences or perceives the world around him. Using a scientific approach, these psychologists set up experiments in which they can control all of the factors. By measuring and charting the results of many experiments, they are trying to find out what makes different people perceive totally different things about the same scene.

1.What does the passage mainly tell us________

A、Perceiving has nothing to do with seeing.

B、Perceiving differs from seeing.

C、Seeing is closely connected to perceiving.

D、Seeing has much to do with perceiving.

2.The phrase “with four children in tow” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to “________”.

A、with four children following closely behind her

B、with four children tied to each other with a rope

C、with four children dragging a rope held by her

D、with four children dragged in a small cart

3.According to the passage, perceiving is an action________ .

A、that tells us information through our eyes

B、that gives us senses in the mind

C、that explains what our senses tell us

D、that makes our mind different

4.The psychologists are trying to draw their conclusion ________.

A、by asking different people to tell how they perceive the same scene

B、by using a scientific approach in setting up their experiments

C、by determining how a person experiences the world around him

D、by measuring and charting the results of many experiments

5.Which of the following statements is NOT true________

A、Different people may perceive the same scene in a different way.

B、That a policeman gives a motorist a ticket means the motorist is fined.

C、No people share the same perception when they are asked to see the same scene.

D、The psychologists can control all of the factors in their experiments.

点击查看答案

第6题

People appear to be born to compute. The numerical skills of children develop so early and

so inexorably that it is easy to imagine an internal clock of mathematical maturity guiding their growth. Not long after learning to walk and talk, they can set the table with impressive accuracy--one plate, one knife, one spoon, one fork, for each of the five chairs. Soon they are capable of noting that they have placed five knives, spoons, and forks on the table and, a bit later, that this amounts to fifteen pieces of silverware. Having thus mastered addition, they move on to subtraction. It seems almost reasonable to expect that if a child were secluded on a desert island at birth and retrieved seven years later, he or she could enter a second-grade mathematics class without any serius problems of intellectual adjustment.

Of course, the truth is not so simple. This century, the work of cognitive psychologists has illuminated the subtle forms of daily learning on which intellectual progress depends. Children were observed as they slowly grasped--or, as the case might be bumped into- concepts that adults take for granted, as they refused, for instance, to concede that quantity is unchanged as water pours from short stout glass into a tall thin one. Psychologists have since demonstrated that young children, asked to count the pencils in a pile, readily report the number of blue or red pencils, but must be coaxed into finding the total. Such studies have suggested that the rudiments of mathematics are mastered gradually, and with effort. They have also suggested that the very concept of abstract numbers--the idea of a oneness, a twoness, a threenes that applies to any class of objects and is a prerequisite for doing anything more mathematically demanding than setting a table--is itself far from innate.

What does the passage mainly discuss？

A．Trends in teaching mathematics to children.

B．The use of mathematics in child psychology.

C．The development of mathematical ability in children.

D．The fundamental concepts of mathematics that children must learn.

点击查看答案

第7题

下面句子正确的是__（）

A.What colour is it now

B.What colour it is now

C.What colour now is it

点击查看答案