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[主观题]

Exercise is one of the few factors with a positive role in longterm maintenance of body we

ight. Unfortunately, that message has not gotten through to the average American, who would rather try switching to "light" beer and lowcalorie bread than increase physical exertion. The Centers for Disease Control, for example, found that fewer than onefourth of overweight adults who were trying to shed pounds said they were combining exercise with their diet.

In rejecting exercise, some people may be discouraged too much by calorieexpenditure charts, for example, one would have to briskly walk three miles just to work off the 275 calories in one delicious Danish pastry. Even exercise professionals concede half a point here. "Exercise by itself is a very tough way to lose weight." said York Onnen, program director of the President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports.

Still exercise's supporting role in weight reduction is vital. A study at the Boston University Medical Center of overweight police officers and other public employees confirmed that those who dieted without exercise regained almost all their old weight, while those who worked exercise into their daily routine maintained their new weight.

If you have been sedentary (极少活动的) and decide to start walking one mile a day, the added exercise could burn an extra 100 calories daily. In a year's time, assuming no increase in food intake, you could lose ten pounds. By increasing the distance of your walks gradually and making other dietary adjustments, you may lose even more weight.

What is said about the average American in the passage？

A．They tend to exaggerate the healthful effect of "light" beer.

B．They usually ignore the effect of exercise on losing weight.

C．They prefer "light" beer and lowcalorie bread to other drinks and food.

D．They know the factors that play a positive role in keeping down body weight.

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更多“Exercise is one of the few fac…”相关的问题

第1题

SECTION BINTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen c

SECTION B INTERVIEW

Directions: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.

Now listen to the interview.

听力原文： Woman: Dr. Mirkin, doctors seem to put a lot of emphasis on exercise. Is exercise really so important to the health of an average person？

Man: Yes, it is. Exercise is important not only for the health of your body, but for your mind.

Woman: How does exercise help one's mind？

Man: A person's mood is helped significantly by exercise. There are many physicians who prescribe exercise for those people who don't feel very good about themselves. Exercise is effective as a tranquilizer. Tests have shown that a 15-minute walk can have a more tranquilizing effect than the most-used tranquilizers on the market today. It has been demonstrated that people who exercise suffer less from anxiety and are able to work harder. Lack of physical fitness is often associated with decreased performance at work or in school. One study showed the 83 percent of the freshmen who flunked out the University of Syracuse were in bad physical shape. Conversely, student at Nathaniel Hawthorne Junior High School in Yonkers, N.Y., who were failing were put into a physical fitness program, and their grades picked up. So did their behavior. Exercise also helps you sleep at night.

Woman: What are the chief physical benefits of exercise？

Man: Physically, the most important value of exercise is the way it trains your heart. Students have shown that people who continue to exercise late into adult life live longer and are less likely to die from heart attacks. This is contrary to what people were taught years ago. But it is not how much exercise you get when you are older that's important. A study showed that Harvard football players died younger, on the average, than their nonathletic counterparts.

Woman: For a person who's not an athlete--and never has been--what kind of exercise should one do in adult life？

Man: The best kind of exercise is one that trains your heart. To do that, you must get your pulse up to 120 beats per minute for at least 30 minutes and at least three times a week. Any sport that doesn't do that doesn't really Wain your heart as it should be trained.

Woman: What do you mean by training the heart？

Man: The heart is like any other muscle--the more your exercise it, the larger and stronger it becomes. A large, strong heart doesn't have to beat as often to do its work, so it will take longer to wear out. There are other benefits to the heart from exercise. A heart attack is usually caused by an obstruction of the blood vessels on the outside of the heart that supply oxygen to the heart muscle. When you exercise regularly at 120 beats a minute, you enlarge those blood vessels. There's a type of fat in the blood called low-density cholesterol that many authorities believe is associated with heart attacks. Exercise lowers the amount of low-density cholesterol. Heart attacks may be associated with stress, and studies show that exercise decreases your feeling of stress. It also lowers blood pressure, which is another risk factor in heart attacks.

Woman: Specially, what exercises are best to train the heart？

Man: The sports that are most highly recommended include bicycling, running, jogging, ice skating, roller skating, jumping rope and cross-country skiing. If you can't go outside, bicycling can be done indoors on a stationary bicycle, and you can do your jogging in place or on a treadmill, qbe bad thing about such stationary exercises is that they can be boring. You should enjoy exercise. But the important thing is to bring your heartbeat up to at least 120 beats a minute. It may su

A．an athlete

B．a journalist

C．a sick man

D．a student

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第2题

A 10-year-old girl who weighs 175 pounds has been told by doctor :"diet or die &quo

A 10-year-old girl who weighs 175 pounds has been told by doctor :"diet or die ".

Brooke Walker keeps eating junk food(垃圾食品)and already weighs more than Britain's fattest teenager did at the same age .she's been warned by the doctor that they can do no more for her .Next month ,she will begin a healthy eating and exercise plan to save her life.

Brook, who’s too large for girls’ clothes and has to wear boys’ clothes, has been laughed at all her life. She stays indoors much of the time. ”when ”I look in the mirror I feel sad,” she said.

“Doctors have told me that unless I lose weight and exercise I will be very, very sick when I grow up. I have tired really hard to do as the doctors say. But every time I play outside, people stop and look at me and call me “fatso”. I end up crying in my room. ”

Brooke’s weight increased quickly when she developed a love of takeaways and fatty junk food. She often ordered food from shops or restaurant and ate at home. Her daily meal used to be potato chips, chocolates, pizza, and sweet drinks. Brooks’ mum Stacey, a busy single mum, admits Brooke suffered from being dished up with fast food in her early year.

In the first seven days she won’t be able to phone home, but she’s determined to succeed. “I can’t wait to go,” she says. “I am not afraid of going away. My one wish is to lose weight and look like other girls. I am tired of being called fatty and want it to end.”

32、what does the underlined word “diet” most probably mean in the text？()

A.To limit(限制) food

B.To do exercise

C.To see a doctor

D.To go outdoors

33、How does Brooke feel about being fat？()

A.calm

B.sad

C.angry

D.nervous

34、What has caused Brooke’s health problem？()

A.Poor family background

B.bad eating habit

C.lack of exercise equipment

D.little food at home

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第3题

Mark:I've got a lot of exercise these days,but still can't lose weight.

Doris:Exercise is not enough.You should also（）.Eating the right foods is very important for weight control.

A.quit eating

B.start an exercise class

C.take some medicine

D.go on a diet

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第4题

A good marriage means growing as a couple but also growing as individuals. This isn't easy

, marriage has always been difficult. Why then are we seeing so many divorces at this time？ Yes, our modem social fabric is thin, and yes the permissiveness of society has created unrealistic expectations and thrown the family into disorder. But divorce is so common because people today are unwilling to exercise the self-discipline that marriage requires. They expect easy joy, like the entertainment on TV, the thrill of a good party.

Marriage takes some kind of sacrifice, not dreadful self-sacrifice of the soul, but some level of compromise. Some of one' s fantasies, some of one' s legitimate desires have to be given up for the value of the marriage itself. "While all marital partners feel shackled(受束缚) at times, it is they who really choose to make the marital ties into confining chains or supporting bonds", says Dr. Whitaker. Marriage requires sexual, financial and emotional discipline. A man and a woman cannot follow every impulse, cannot allow himself or herself to stop growing or changing.

A divorce is not an evil act. Sometimes it provides salvation(拯救)for people who have grown hopelessly apart or were frozen in patterns of pain or mutual unhappiness. Divorce can be like the first cut of the surgeon' s knife, a step toward new health and a good life. On the other hand, if the partners can stay past the breaking up of the romantic myths into the development of real love and intimacy, they have achieved a work as amazing as the greatest cathedrals(教堂)of the world. Marriages that do not fail but improve, that persist despite imperfections, are not only rare these days but offer a wondrous shelter in which the face of our mutual humanity can safely show itself.

According to the author, an ideal marriage life______.

A．requires considerable sacrifice on both partners

B．requires that the couple be emotionally involved

C．allows for the growth of the husband and wife as a couple and as two individuals

D．is only an illusion in today's society

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第5题

John: One of the main differences between a man’s and a woman’s body is that men are gene

rally less capable of bending their body than women. You may think it is not important whether your body can bend easily or not, but it is. Stretching your muscles regularly will help you to move effectively. It can also help you to stay injury-free, relax your muscles and in turn reduce stress.

Mike: Doing uninterrupted sessions may make you feel you are doing the best thing for your body. But not giving yourself a break between workouts will mean that you will burn out, and do more harm than good. You should be taking a day off from exercising every two or three days as a minimum ideally. Taking a rest will mean that when you train again you can train harder.

Paul: Lots of men fall into the trap of thinking that in order to be better and achieve more, they have to perform. all their exercises at a super fast pace. Although it’s true for some exercises, for others this is just not the case. Take weight lifting for example. When lifting slowly, you can increase the amount of time your muscles are tense for and increase the blood flow.

David:Some men are terrible for sticking to the same fitness routine, but doing different types of fitness activities means that you work different parts of your body, and by doing this you improve your core strength and your balance. It is often difficult for most men to try new things. If you don’t want to go into a fitness class on your own, take a friend with you.

Helen:Women seem to be much better than men at taking a different approach to fitness. They engage physically and mentally with their fitness programs, which has many health benefits. One is that your stress levels can decrease. And some practices of this approach, such as Tai Chi, can improve bone health. To take advantage of these health benefits, find what suits you best from among the many different fitness techniques that are out there.

Now match the name of each person (36-40) to the appropriate statement.

Note: there are two extra statements.

John______

A.Try to diversify your fitness activities.

B.Body and mind should be engaged in exercising.

C.Slow fitness activities fit men better.

D.Men should take intense sessions frequently.

E.Regular stretching improves body’s flexibility.

F.Workout speed depends on what exercise you do.

G.A regular rest between workouts is necessary.

Mike______A.Try to diversify your fitness activities.

B.Body and mind should be engaged in exercising.

C.Slow fitness activities fit men better.

D.Men should take intense sessions frequently.

E.Regular stretching improves body’s flexibility.

F.Workout speed depends on what exercise you do.

G.A regular rest between workouts is necessary.

Paul______A.Try to diversify your fitness activities.

B.Body and mind should be engaged in exercising.

C.Slow fitness activities fit men better.

D.Men should take intense sessions frequently.

E.Regular stretching improves body’s flexibility.

F.Workout speed depends on what exercise you do.

G.A regular rest between workouts is necessary.

David______A.Try to diversify your fitness activities.

B.Body and mind should be engaged in exercising.

C.Slow fitness activities fit men better.

D.Men should take intense sessions frequently.

E.Regular stretching improves body’s flexibility.

F.Workout speed depends on what exercise you do.

G.A regular rest between workouts is necessary.

Helen______A.Try to diversify your fitness activities.

B.Body and mind should be engaged in exercising.

C.Slow fitness activities fit men better.

D.Men should take intense sessions frequently.

E.Regular stretching improves body’s flexibility.

F.Workout speed depends on what exercise you do.

G.A regular rest between workouts is necessary.

请帮忙给出每个问题的正确答案和分析，谢谢！

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第6题

Pat O’Burke was a poor Irishman with a large family, and one morning, waking up very ea

rly from cold and hunger, he decided to go shooting in a wood near his cottage(小屋，村舍). The wood belonged to Lord Northwood, a rich gentleman, and Pat had no right to go there, but in it there were swarms of rabbits and flocks of birds that were good to eat, and Pat determined to take the risk. Suddenly he saw the owner, with a group of friends, coming towards him in the wood. There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood’s face as he caught sight of the gun in Pat’s hands. Pat’s heart sank with fear, but he saw there was no hope of escape, so he walked boldly up to the company and said to Lord Northwood, “Good morning, sir, and what has brought you out so early this morning？” Lord Northwood, rather surprised, said he and his friends were taking a little exercise to get an appetite for their breakfast. Then, looking at Pat with suspicion, he said, “But why are you out so early in the morning？” “Well, sir,” said Pat, “I just came out to see if I could get a breakfast for my appetite.” The whole crowd burst into laughter at Pat’s ready wit, and with a smile Lord Northwood walked on, leaving Pat to try his luck with the rabbits.

(1).This is a story about().

A、a rich man who owned a big wood.

B、 a poor Irishman who lived all by himself.

C、 a clever man who tried to get something to eat for his breakfast.

D、 an Irish hunter with a large family.

(2). There was a look of anger on Lord Northwood’s face. Why？()

A、 He was not expecting Pat at this early hour.

B、 He knew Pat was coming for shooting.

C、 He didn’t like the poor Irishman at all.

D、 Pat had not told him he would come.

(3). Why was Lord Northwood surprised？()

A、 He had not expected such a bold question from Pat.

B、 He wondered why Pat didn’t run away.

C、 Pat wasn’t afraid of him.

D、 Pat had a gun in his hands.

(4).Pat’s _______ made the whole crowd burst into laughter.()

A、 funny looks

B、 interesting remarks

C、 quick and witty response

D、 promise to leave right away

(5).It was because of his _________ that Pat was left to try his luck.

A、 boldness

B、 calmness

C、 quickness of mind

D、 obedience (服从, 顺从)

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第7题

Fifty volunteers were alphabetically divided into two equal groups. Group A is to partic

ipate in a 7-week exercise program and Group B is to avoid planned exercise of any sort during those 7 weeks. On the day before the exercise program began, all 50 men participated in a step-test. This consisted of stepping up and down on a 16-inch bench, at 30 steps a minute for 5 minutes. One minute after completion of the step-test, the pulse rate of each subject (被测试者 ) was taken and recorded. This served as the pretest for the experiment. For the next 7 weeks, subjects in Group A rode an Exercycle (机器脚踏车 ) for 15 minutes each day, while Group B remained doing no planned exercises.At the end of the 7 weeks, the step-test was again given to both groups of subjects, and their pulses taken. The post-exercise pulse rates of subjects in the experimental were found to have decreased an average of 30 heart beats per minutes, with the lowest decrease 28 and the highest decrease 46. The pulse rates of subjects in the control group remained the same or changed no more than 4 beats, with an average difference between the initial and final tests of zero.

1).The step-test was given ()

A、after each exercise period

B、at the beginning and at the end of the seven week period

C、only once, at the beginning of the seven week period

D、twice to the men in Group A and once to the men in Group B

2).The post-exercise pulse rates of Group B were found on the average to have ()

A、not changed

B、gone down 28 beats per minute

C、gone down 30 beats per minute？

D、gone down 4 beats per minute

3).How many people were in each group？ ()

A、100

B、50

C、25

D、15

4).What did Group A in their program？ They ()every day.

A、stepped up and down on a bench

B、pushed and pulled on exercise handles

C、rode on an Exercycle

D、refrained from any exercise

5).When was pulse taken？ ()

A、After every exercise period

B、Every day

C、Every time the ratio of active riding was increased

D、After the step-test

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第8题

Peter, a high school student, was pretty busy with school, and he was on the soccer team

. High school was hard，because everyone wanted to have nice clothes, hang out，drive cars, and all these cost money. Peter’s father was the sort of guy that believed you had to earn whatever you got，so he wasn’t just about to hand over lots of money for Peter to use to have fun. So，he had to get a job.

During his freshman year summer vacation, his classmate got him a job working on a hay (干草) farm. He threw hay up into wagons as the tractor drove around fields, and then they stacked (剁起) it in the hot barn. It was a hot，lowpaying job.

He once worked a few nights a week at a grocery store. He put things on the shelf. It was a lot of lifting and carrying，and his arms were strong from this and the previous job. It was dull and didn’t pay much.

He took some time off when soccer got serious，but the following summer he tried working at a lumber yard. It was hot outside, but he got a lot of exercise lifting and carrying things like boards and drywall. He also learned a lot about building supplies. It still didn’t pay well.

From there, he spent a year doing some tutoring for a friend of the family, but that was piecemeal. His first real job came the last year at school, when he fixed registers and worked on computers at a big box store. It was his favorite job yet, but it still didn’t pay well.

What Peter realized with all of these jobs was that he needed a better paying job! The only way to get that was to get trained or educated. He could go to school and get a 2year degree in an office or technical position. His other choices were going to a 4year college or joining the army. He wasn’t sure what he was going to do yet, but he knew he had to do something. Jobs were a lot of work, money was hard to earn，but he liked staying busy and being able to buy things. Peter wanted the most out of life, and that meant education.

25.All the jobs Peter had taken had one thing in common：_____.

A、They didn’t pay well

B、They were dull and tiresome

C、They needed hard labor

D、They were done during his vacation

26._____was the most important for Peter if he wanted a good job.

A、Confidence

B、Education

C、Opportunity

D、Wisdom

27.We can learn from the text that_____.

A、Peter knew what to do with his future

B、Peter’s father didn’t care about him

C、It was very hard for Peter to make his choices

D、Peter was determined to do whatever he liked

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第9题

Have you wished for a magic pill or magic formula that would let you live happily fore

ver？ If you have, don’t feel alone! It’s a very common, natural wish that has a long history.Spanish explorers of the sixteenth century even tried to find a fountain of youth in what is now the state of Florida.The water the this legendary fountain, which no one has yet found, was believed to restore youth and good health to those who drank it.

Biologists today don’t expect that anyone will find a magical fountain of youth.Growing older is a natural part of the life cycle that can’t be reversed.As human beings grow older, organs such as the heart and lungs may stop functioning properly.Sight and hearing may become weak.And the human body becomes more likely to come down with serious illnesses from which it cannot recover.

Considered together, changes that bring about the decline of an organism are called aging.Because of aging, many biologists believe that there may be a maximum age limit to which even the healthiest organisms can live.For human beings, this maximum age limit is about 110 years.

Perhaps the most important thing that you can learn from your study of human biology is that you have a lot of control over the aging process in your own life.In fact, within our control are many physical and mental factors that have much to do with aging.For example, each of us, as recent research indicates, can do many things to help prevent heart and vessel disease, which causes half the death each year in the United States.We can avoid eating a lot of fatty meat.Eating too much of these types of animal fats can lead to the clogging and hardening of blood vessels.We can cut back on smoking and hopefully quit entirely.We can limit the amount of alcohol we drink and the amount of sugar we eat.We can exercise regularly and strengthen the heart and other organs.And we can remember to take time out each day for ourselves, time just relax.Exercise, recreation and relaxation all reduce stress – inner tension that is hard on all body organs.

One final thing we can do is to try to keep aware of advances made in health education.Information is often available free of charge from health clinics or schools.

1.Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States？

A.Heart disease.

B.Cancer

C.Alcohol

D.Smoking

2.What happens as people grow older？

A.They dream of a magic pill to help them live a happy and long life

B.They come down with serious illnesses

C.Their organs become weak and may stop working properly

D.Their blood vessels become clogged

3.In the opinion of biologists, _________.

A.the aging process can be reversed

B.the aging process can be controlled and slowed down

C.the aging process can be got rid of

D.the aging process can go beyond its limit

4.We can slow down the weakening of all our body organs by ______.

A.not eating animal fat

B.limiting drinking and smoking

C.exercise, recreation and relaxation to reduce stress

D.preventing the clogging and hardening of blood vessels

5.Besides physical and mental factors, which of the following also contributes to living a long and healthy life according tot the passage？

A.Health education

B.Traditional medicine

C.artificial organs

D.The invention of magic pills

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第10题

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。It can be really frustrating （使人沮丧的) for an overwe

阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题。

It can be really frustrating (使人沮丧的) for an overweight person to go to a gym and work out with a positive attitude. All one has to do is walk by almost any nice gym and notice all the healthy, sweating, “skinny” members. Sometimes they stare at those of us who are, well, zaftig. It is easy to see the judgment behind their eyes. Who wants to put up with that？

Many people are self-conscious of their bodies and feel isolated when joining workout classes of while exercising, especially if they are larger than most of the others in the group. Now the fitness industry is finally paying attention. Popular gyms are catering (迎合) to overweight and weight conscious customers by dedicating areas where the “skinny” people are not allowed.

There are even gyms or programs that require members to be at least 50 pounds overweight to participate.

Trainers recommend functional fitness as a practical goal, rather than six-pack abs(六块腹肌). (79)They often use text messages to stay in touch with customers.

Often at these specialized gyms, the trainers are overweight themselves, or working on their own weight goals, and this can help those people with anxiety caused by poor body image. The equipment has been designed for use by larger people. Wider seats, more cushioning, no mirrors, and tinted (有色的) windows for privacy, are all important changes.

(80)Hopefully these types of gyms will successfully grow in numbers in the future. The idea is a very simple and potentially popular one. If it helps those of us who are bigger exercise more and improve our fitness level, it's a step in the right direction.

1. The word zaftig in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to {A; B; C}.

A. fat B. healthy C. friendly

2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that {A; B; C}.

A. most large gym chains really don't want members to show up frequently

B. overweight people are often frustrated and pushed away by traditional gym industry

C. regular gyms don't accept overweight people to participate in their programs

3. What is the training goal in the gyms catering to overweight members？{A; B; C}

A. To achieve functional fitness.

B. To build six-pack abs.

C. To look like a fitness model.

4. As for the gyms catering to overweight members, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE？{A; B; C}

A. The machines are designed for larger people.

B. Tinted windows are used to ensure extra privacy.

C. There are large mirrors on the walls.

5. Which of the following is the best title for the passage？{A; B; C}

A. Improving Women's Self-confidence through Exercises.

B. The traditional Gym Industry Is Losing Its Customers.

C. Specialized Gyms Designed for Overweight People.

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