We live in an age()more information is available with great ease than ever before.
A.why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
A.why
B. when
C. to whom
D. on which
Biologists today don’t expect that anyone will find a magical fountain of youth.Growing older is a natural part of the life cycle that can’t be reversed.As human beings grow older, organs such as the heart and lungs may stop functioning properly.Sight and hearing may become weak.And the human body becomes more likely to come down with serious illnesses from which it cannot recover.
Considered together, changes that bring about the decline of an organism are called aging.Because of aging, many biologists believe that there may be a maximum age limit to which even the healthiest organisms can live.For human beings, this maximum age limit is about 110 years.
Perhaps the most important thing that you can learn from your study of human biology is that you have a lot of control over the aging process in your own life.In fact, within our control are many physical and mental factors that have much to do with aging.For example, each of us, as recent research indicates, can do many things to help prevent heart and vessel disease, which causes half the death each year in the United States.We can avoid eating a lot of fatty meat.Eating too much of these types of animal fats can lead to the clogging and hardening of blood vessels.We can cut back on smoking and hopefully quit entirely.We can limit the amount of alcohol we drink and the amount of sugar we eat.We can exercise regularly and strengthen the heart and other organs.And we can remember to take time out each day for ourselves, time just relax.Exercise, recreation and relaxation all reduce stress – inner tension that is hard on all body organs.
One final thing we can do is to try to keep aware of advances made in health education.Information is often available free of charge from health clinics or schools.
1.Which of the following is the leading cause of death in the United States?
A.Heart disease.
B.Cancer
C.Alcohol
D.Smoking
2.What happens as people grow older?
A.They dream of a magic pill to help them live a happy and long life
B.They come down with serious illnesses
C.Their organs become weak and may stop working properly
D.Their blood vessels become clogged
3.In the opinion of biologists, _________.
A.the aging process can be reversed
B.the aging process can be controlled and slowed down
C.the aging process can be got rid of
D.the aging process can go beyond its limit
4.We can slow down the weakening of all our body organs by ______.
A.not eating animal fat
B.limiting drinking and smoking
C.exercise, recreation and relaxation to reduce stress
D.preventing the clogging and hardening of blood vessels
5.Besides physical and mental factors, which of the following also contributes to living a long and healthy life according tot the passage?
A.Health education
B.Traditional medicine
C.artificial organs
D.The invention of magic pills
A.has the same birthday as
B.looks the same as me
C.is as old as
D.is as tall as
On the other hand, scientists are increasingly learning that aging and biological age are two different things, and that the former is a key risk factor for conditions such as heart disease, cancer and many more. In that light, aging itself might be seen as something treatable, the way you would treat high blood pressure or a vitamin deficiency.
Biophysicist Alex Zhavoronkov believes that aging should be considered a disease. He said that describing aging as a disease creates incentives to develop treatments.
"It unties the hands of the pharmaceutical (制药的.industry so that they can begin treating the disease and not just the side effects," he said.
"Right now, people think of aging as natural and something you can't control," he said. "In academic circles, people take aging research as just an interest area where they can try to develop interventions. The medical community also takes aging for granted, and can do nothing about it except keep people within a certain health range."
But if aging were recognized as a disease, he said, "It would attract funding and change the way we do health care. What matters is understanding that aging is curable."
"It was always known that the body accumulates damage," he added. "The only way to cure aging is to find ways to repair that damage. I think of it as preventive medicine for age-related conditions."
Leonard Hayflick, a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said the idea that aging can be cured implies the human lifespan can be increased, which some researchers suggest is possible. Hayflick is not among them.
"There're many people who recover from cancer, stroke, or heart disease. But they continue to age, because aging is separate from their disease," Hayflick said. "Even if those causes of death were eliminated, life expectancy would still not go much beyond 92 years."
66.What do people generally believe about aging______
A.It should cause no alarm whatsoever.
B.They just cannot do anything about it.
C.It should be regarded as a kind of disease.
D.They can delay it with advances in science.
67.How do many scientists view aging now______
A.It might be prevented and treated.
B.It can be as risky as heart disease.
C.It results from a vitamin deficiency.
D.It is an irreversible biological process.
68.What does Alex Zhavoronkov think of "describing aging as a disease"______
A.It will prompt people to take aging more seriously.
B.It will greatly help reduce the side effects of aging.
C.It will free pharmacists from the conventional beliefs about aging.
D.It will motivate doctors and pharmacists to find ways to treat aging.
69.What do we learn about the medical community______
A.They now have a strong interest in research on aging.
B.They differ from the academic circles in their view on aging.
C.They can contribute to people's health only to a limited extent.
D.They have ways to intervene in people's aging process.
70.What does professor Leonard Hayflick believe______
A.The human lifespan cannot be prolonged.
B.Aging is hardly separable from disease.
C.Few people live up to the age of 92.
D.Heart disease is the major cause of aging.
A.separation
B.replacement
C.abbreviation
D.Extension
A.cut
B.kill
C.live
D.kick
Almost every society has certain traditional ideas about marriage. For example,most societies expect men and women to marry. Most cultures also have traditions about the role and duties of a husband and a wife. Traditionally,the husband is expected to earn a living,and the wife is expected to keep house and raise children.
Many Americans did not follow traditional marriage patterns. For example,a large number of married couples share responsibilities that have been traditionally handled by either the husband or the wife. An increasing number of married women have paying jobs and help support their families financially. In 1940s,about 15 percent of all married women earned money. In the early 1990s,about 60 percent held a full-or part-time job. More and more husbands share responsibilities traditionally handled by women,such as cooking,doing housework,and caring for children.
On the average,men and women stay single longer than they once did. In 1950s,men married at an average age of 23,and women married at an average age of 20. By the mid-1990s,the average marriage age was about 26.5 for men and about 24.5 for women.
An increasing number of people choose not to marry. If a man and a woman wish to avoid marriage,they may decide to live together with no formal obligations to each other. This arrangement is more common among young adults,but some couples of all ages live together without marrying. (239 words)
6. Most societies expect men and women to marry and have traditions about the role and duties of a husband and a wife.
A. T
B. F
7. All Americans would like to follow the traditional marriage patterns.
A. T
B. F
8. The number of married women with a paying job to support their families financially is increasing.
A. T
B. F
9. In the early 1990s,about 15 percent held a full-or part-time job.
A. T
B. F
10. More and more Americans choose to live together without marriage.
A. T
B. F
Today we live in a world where GPS systems, digital maps, and other navigation apps are available on our smart phones. 1 of us just walk straight into the woods without a phone. But phones 2 on batteries, and batteries can die faster than we realize. 3 you get lost without a phone or a compass, and you 4 can’t find north, a few tricks to help you navigate 5 to civilization, one of which is to follow the land... When you find yourself well 6 a trail, but not in a completely 7 area, you have to answer two questions: Which 8 is downhill, in this particular area? And where is the nearest water source? Humans overwhelmingly live in valleys, and on supplies of fresh water. 9 , if you head downhill, and follow any H2O you find, you should 10 see signs of people. If you’ve explored the area before, keep an eye out for familiar sights—you may be 11 how quickly identifying a distinctive rock or tree can restore your bearings. Another 12 : Climb high and look for signs of human habitation. 13 , even in dense forest, you should be able to 14 gaps in the tree line due to roads, train tracks, and other paths people carve 15 the woods. Head toward these 16 to find a way out. At night, scan the horizon for 17 light sources, such as fires and streetlights, then walk toward the glow of light pollution. 18 , assuming you’re lost in an area humans tend to frequent, look for the 19 we leave on the landscape. Trail blazes, tire tracks, and other features can 20 you to civilization. 1.
A、Some
B、Most
C、Few
D、All
A.Chicago is a busy and noisy city.
B.Chicago is far away from here.
C.Well, I'm thinking of moving here.