题目内容
（请给出正确答案）
(b) Using models where appropriate, what are likely to be the critical success factors (CSFs) as the business
grows and develops？ (10 marks)
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Conventional computer models of the atmosphere have limited value in predicting short lived local storms like the Edmonton tornado, because the available weather data are generally not detailed enough to allow computers to study carefully the subtle atmospheric changes that come before these storms.In most nations, for example, weather – balloon observations are taken just once every twelve hours at locations typically separated by hundreds of miles.With such limited data, conventional forecasting models do a much better job predicting general weather conditions over large regions than they do forecasting specific local events.
Until recently, the observation intensive approach needed for accurate, very short – range forecasts, or “Nowcasts,” was not feasible.The cost of equipping and operating many thousands of conventional weather stations was extremely high, and the difficulties involved in rapidly collecting and processing the raw weather data from such a network were hard to overcome.Fortunately, scientific and technological advances have overcome most of these problems.Radar systems, automated weather instruments, and satellites are all capable of making detailed, nearly continuous observation over large regions at a relatively low cost.Communications satellites can transmit data around the world cheaply and instantaneously, and modern computers can quickly compile and analyze this large volume of weather information.Meteorologists and computer scientists now work together to design computer programs and video equipment capable of transforming raw weather data into words, symbols, and vivid graphic displays that forecasters can interpret easily and quickly.As meteorologists have begun using these new technologies in weather forecasting offices, Nowcasting is becoming a reality.
11.The word “exceeded” in paragraph I most probably means ____________.
A.added up toB.were more than
C.were about D.were less than
12.Conventional computer models of the atmosphere fails to predict such a short – lived tornado because ______________.
A.the computer is not used to forecast specific local events
B.the computers are not advanced enough to predict it
C.the weather data people collect are often wrong
D.weather conditions in some small regions are not available
13.According to the passage, the word “Nowcast” (paragraph 3) means _______________.
A.a way of collecting raw weather data
B.a forecast which can predict the weather conditions in the small area in an accurate way
C.a network to collect instant weather data
D.a more advanced system of weather observation
14.According to the passage, ___________ is the key factor to making “Nowcasts” a reality.
A.scientific and technological advances such as radar, or satellites
B.computer scientist
C.meteorologists
D.advanced computer programs
15.According to the author, the passage mainly deals with ________________.
A.a tornado in Edmonton, Alberta
B.what’s a “Nowcast”
C.the disadvantage of conventional computer models of the weather forecast
D.a breakthrough in weather forecast
that its residents are very concerned with various forms of antisocial behaviour and minor crimes carried out by a
small number of people, which makes living, working, travelling and socialising in the city centre unpleasant rather
than life threatening. The city’s residents have recently voted for it being one of the five worst cities in the UK in which
to live. There is little or no contact between the police and these residents.
The city is split into a number of police districts, each with its own senior officer in charge. Their focus is on the
response to emergency calls and solving serious crimes in their district rather than the less urgent crimes affecting
everyday living in the city. Response times and serious crime solution rates are the traditional measures by which their
performance is measured and leave them open to criticism of simply reacting to events. There is little sense of being
part of a city police force and, consequently, little sharing of information and experience between the different districts.
The failure in policing antisocial behaviour in the city is seen as being largely the result of a shortage of resources.
There are also important internal and external groups varying in their support or resistance to any necessary change
in policing strategy. Key players include the mayor of the city anxious to improve the reputation of the city, the city’s
press, traditionally used to highlighting police failures rather than successes and finally the courts of justice, which
are reluctant to take on the increased workload that any moves towards reducing antisocial behaviour would produce.
John is aware of the complexity of the problem he faces in changing the way the city is policed to improve the quality
of life of its citizens. He has, however, an impressive track record as a change agent in previous appointments and is
confident that he can bring about the necessary change.
Required:
(a) Using change management models where appropriate, provide John with a brief report on the nature of
change needed in the way the city is policed in order to improve the city’s quality of life. (12 marks)
We could start with the advantages of mobile phones. There are many things that we could do with mobile phones. With the advancement of technology，more and more features are being added to the mobile phones which make them more useful. In addition to making calls，mobile phones also support a wide variety of other services such as text messaging，email，Internet access，business applications，gaming and photography. We can bring them everywhere，and can be reached by others anytime. They make the world smaller，bringing people together no matter where they are.
But we could have some risks when using our mobile phones. We may have accidents when we use them while driving. Some studies show that mobile phones can do harm to our bodies;and materials in mobile phones could damage our environment.
Since there are so many risks，why do we still have mobile phones？This is because these risks or disadvantages can be overcome. For example，while we are driving we can easily pull up our car if we really need to use the phone. Mobile phone manufacturers are reducing the radiation of mobile phones to avoid health risks.
Though there are both pros and cons of using mobile phones，we could easily see that there are more advantages than disadvantages. Moreover，mobile phones are becoming cheaper，which might be another reason why mobile phones are increasingly used today.
1. Which of the following functions is NOT mentioned in the passage？
A. Text messaging.
B. Camera.
C. GPS.
2. What risks might mobile phones cause？
A. Traffic accidents and health problems.
B. Environmental damage.
C. Both A and B.
3. What are mobile phone manufacturers doing to prevent mobile phone users from health risks？
A. They are reducing the radiation of mobile phones.
B. They are trying to persuade people to use mobile phones less.
C. They are developing new models of mobile phones.
4. Why do people still use mobile phones despite their disadvantages？
A. Because people don’t believe that mobile phones have any disadvantages.
B. Because the disadvantages of mobile phones can be avoided.
C. Because people cannot live without mobile phones.
5. According to the last paragraph，why are mobile phones increasingly being used today？
A. They are safer.
B. They have more functions.
C. They are becoming cheaper.
less popular airports was a much cheaper alternative to the major city airports and supported Airtite’s low cost service,
modelled on existing low cost competitors. These providers had effectively transformed air travel in Europe and, in so
doing, contributed to an unparalleled expansion in airline travel by both business and leisure passengers. Airtite used
one type of aircraft, tightly controlled staffing levels and costs, relied entirely on online bookings and achieved high
levels of capacity utilisation and punctuality. Its route network had grown each year and included new routes to some
of the 15 countries that had joined the EU in 2004. Airtite’s founder and Chief Executive, John Sykes, was an
aggressive businessman ever willing to challenge governments and competitors wherever they impeded his airline and
looking to generate positive publicity whenever possible.
John is now looking to develop a strategy which will secure Airtite’s growth and development over the next 10 years.
He can see a number of environmental trends emerging which could significantly affect the success or otherwise of
any developed strategy. 2006 had seen fuel costs continue to rise reflecting the continuing uncertainty over global
fuel supplies. Fuel costs currently account for 25% of Airtite’s operating costs. Conversely, the improving efficiency of
aircraft engines and the next generation of larger aircraft are increasing the operating efficiency of newer aircraft and
reducing harmful emissions. Concern with fuel also extends to pollution effects on global warming and climate
change. Co-ordinated global action on aircraft emissions cannot be ruled out, either in the form. of higher taxes on
pollution or limits on the growth in air travel. On the positive side European governments are anxious to continue to
support increased competition in air travel and to encourage low cost operators competing against the over-staffed
and loss-making national flag carriers.
The signals for future passenger demand are also confused. Much of the increased demand for low cost air travel to
date has come from increased leisure travel by families and retired people. However families are predicted to become
smaller and the population increasingly aged. In addition there are concerns over the ability of countries to support
the increasing number of one-parent families with limited incomes and an ageing population dependent on state
pensions. There is a distinct possibility of the retirement age being increased and governments demanding a higher
level of personal contribution towards an individual’s retirement pension. Such a change will have a significant impact
on an individual’s disposable income and with people working longer reduce the numbers able to enjoy leisure travel.
Finally, air travel will continue to reflect global economic activity and associated economic booms and slumps together
with global political instability in the shape of wars, terrorism and natural disasters.
John is uncertain as to how to take account of these conflicting trends in the development of Airtite’s 10-year strategy
and has asked for your advice.
Required:
(a) Using models where appropriate, provide John with an environmental analysis of the conditions affecting the
low cost air travel industry. (12 marks)
business specialising in the design and manufacture of precision engineering products. Its customers are major
industrial customers in the aerospace, automotive and chemical industries, many of which are globally recognised
companies. Lawson prides itself on the long-term relationships it has built up with these high profile customers. The
strength of these relationships is built on Lawson’s worldwide reputation for engineering excellence, which has
tangible recognition in its gaining prestigious international awards for product and process innovation and quality
performance. Lawson Engineering is a company name well known in its chosen international markets. Its reputation
has been enhanced by the awarding of a significant number of worldwide patents for the highly innovative products
it has designed. This in turn reflects the commitment to recruiting highly skilled engineers, facilitating positive staff
development and investing in significant research and development.
Its products command premium prices and are key to the superior performance of its customers’ products. Lawson
Engineering has also established long-term relationships with its main suppliers, particularly those making the exotic
materials built into their advanced products. Such relationships are crucial in research and development projects,
some of which take a number of years to come to fruition. Joe Lawson epitomises the ‘can do’ philosophy of the
company, always willing to take on the complex engineering challenges presented by his demanding customers.
Lawson Engineering now faces problems caused by its own success. Its current location, premises and facilities are
inadequate to allow the continued growth of the company. Joe is faced with the need to fund a new, expensive,
purpose-built facility on a new industrial estate. Although successful against a number of performance criteria, Lawson
Engineering’s performance against traditional financial measures has been relatively modest and unlikely to impress
the financial backers Joe wants to provide the necessary long-term capital.
Joe has become aware of the increasing attention paid to the intangible resources of a firm in a business. He
understands that you, as a strategy consultant, can advise him on the best way to show that his business should be
judged on the complete range of assets it possesses.
Required:
(a) Using models where appropriate, provide Joe with a resource analysis showing why the company’s intangible
resources and related capabilities should be taken into account when assessing Lawson Engineering’s case
for financial support. (12 marks)
(b) Discuss ways in which the traditional budgeting process may be seen as a barrier to the achievement of the
aims of EACH of the following models for the implementation of strategic change:
(i) benchmarking;
(ii) balanced scorecard; and
(iii) activity-based models. (12 marks)
B、During the Fashion Weeks, fashion designers display their latest collections to buyers and the media.
C、The yearly Fashion Weeks usually begins with New York.
D、They are held once in September annually.
